During the early years of the cold war between the US and her allies and the Soviet Union, much interest was shown in reports which came to the CIA’S attention, of secret Soviet projects concerning mind control, the ability to brainwash and program individuals at any level, to be subversives for the state, for purposes of intimidation and other tasks. The US was convinced of Soviet success in these programs. The US was at the time concerned about being left behind by Soviet defence capabilities, intelligence and subversive capabilities, or so it was believed by the US Defence establishment.