Peshwa Nana Saheb and his chief strategist Tatya Tope, revolted against the British when the latter did not recognize Nana Saheb as the legal heir to the throne of Bithoor he was the adopted son of Bajirao II. Nana Saheb cleverly plotted against the British, and with Tatya Tope, came together with all like-minded heads of the states to begin a revolt simultaneously all over India on 31st May 1857.