Nehru noted that Shivaji, having openly raised the standard of revolt, sacked the city of Surat, sparing the English and their factory, and anforced the Chowth (one-fourth) tax payment, as he did in other distant parts of the Mughal dominions in western India.
Since the Marathas stood no chance of driving them off, there is negotiation conducted by Afzal's trusted envoy Krishnaji Shastry. Shiva would make a token recognition of Bijapur's suzerainty and Afzal world leave shiva in undisturbed possession of his forts.
