Assess the Chinese claim that the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, East Turkestan, has always been part of China. Look at evidence for the Uyghur view of the region as the homeland of a Uyghur nation. Then look into Chinese rule of Xinjiang, dating from the Qing Dynasty, and current Chinese policy in the region, a cultural assimilation campaign holding over a million Uyghurs in forced reeducation camps.