Hoboken was originally an island, surrounded by the Hudson River on the east and tidal lands at the foot of the New Jersey Palisades on the west. It was a seasonal campsite in the territory of Hackensack, a land of the Lenni-Lenape, who used the serpentine rock found there to carve pipes. Hoboken lies on the west bank of the Hudson River between Weehawken and Union City on the north and Jersey City's “county seat” on the south and west. Directly across the Hudson River are the Manhattan, New York City neighborhoods of West Village and Chelsea. The city of Hoboken had a total area of 2.011 square miles, of which 1.275 square miles of it is land and 0.736 square miles of it is water. Hoboken has had its ups and downs and is rich in history. Today we will discuss the rise and fall of Hoboken.