Over the last three centuries, Catalonia has gone from being an agricultural and commercial country to being an industrial power. And this transformation has not been easy for a country that has never had raw materials or energy resources. Moreover, this economic transformation, so different from the situation of other Spanish regions, has often not been understood or addressed in the economic policies of Spanish governments. In this episode of the "300" series we will review this transformation that has placed Catalonia as one of the great productive regions of Europe.